Top space agencies with manned spaceflight capability

Top space agencies with manned spaceflight capability

»»    China National Space Administration (CNSA) : People's Republic of China

»»    National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) : United States

»»    Russian Federal Space Agency (RFSA) : Russia

Sex determination in Human


Sex determination in Human : In human male sex chromosome is XY, where in female sex chromosome is XX.

During gamete (sperm) formation in male half of the sperm contains X chromosome while other half contain Y chromosome. In female all gametes contain only one type of chromosome that is X.

Sex determination in Human
Sex determination in Human
Thus when a male gamete i.e. sperm carrying X chromosome fertilize an ova, the zygote develope into female. When a sperm carrying Y chromosome fertilizes an egg, zygote develops into male.


First in the World : Volume VI

»»    First country to start Civil Service Competition : China

»»    First city to be attacked with Atom Bomb : Heroshima (Japan)

»»    First Woman Prime Minister of a country : S. Bhandarnayke (Sri Lanka)

»»    First man to compile Encyclopedia : Aspheosis (Athens)

»»    First Asian to win Wimbledon Trophy : Arthur Ashe



Father of modern Chemistry

Question : What is Chemistry?

Answer : Chemistry is the branch of science which deals with the composition of matter and also the Physical and Chemical characteristics associated with the different material objects.







Question : Who is the father of modern Chemistry?

Answer : French chemist, "Lavoisier (1743-1793)" is regarded as the father of modern chemistry.


French chemist - Lavoisier (1743-1793)
Lavoisier (1743-1793)

Razia Sultana - only Muslim lady ever ruled India

Razia Sultana - only Muslim lady ever ruled India : Though Iltumish had nominated his daughter Razia as the successor, the nobles placed Ruknuddin Firoz as the throne. However, Razia got rid of Ruknuddin and ascended the throne.

Razia was the "first and only Muslim lady who ever ruled India". Razia was popular among the people but was not acceptable to the nobles and theologians.

Razia further offended the nobles by her preference for an Abyssian slave Yakut. Soon after her accession, the governors of Multan, Badaun, Hansi and Lahore openly revolted against her.

There was a serious rebellion in Bhatinda. Altunia, governor of Bhatinda refused to accept suzerainity of Razia. Razia accompanied by Yakut marched against Altunia.



(Grave of Razia Sultan)

However, Altunia got Yakut murdered and imprisoned Razia. Subsequently, Razia married Altunia and both of them marched towards Delhi.

In 1240 AD, Razia became the victim of a conspiracy and was assassinated near Kaithal, Haryana.